尚方宝剑
尚方剑，又称尚方宝剑，是天子所御用的剑，并以代表皇帝旨意，是一种权力和荣誉的象征。亦称为势剑，大臣官员若持有皇帝御赐的尚方宝剑不但代表着大臣获得皇帝宠信，也是大臣官员的殊荣。这也可以被作为一种军事授权，是由皇帝赐与武将，给与战场上可以直接诛杀低层军官及士兵，不用特别上奏朝廷，俗称「先斩后奏」。
明朝灭亡之后，尚方宝剑便不再作为一种荣誉颁发给大臣。
Sword of state
中文百科
英语百科
Sword of state 尚方宝剑
A sword of state is a sword, used as part of the regalia, symbolizing the power of a monarch to use the might of the state against its enemies, and his duty to preserve thus right and peace.
It is known to be used in following monarchies:
By analogy, it can even be used in republics, as in the Senate of the state of South Carolina in the United States of America.
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